Humus de Lombriz Roja Californiana (Eisenia fetida) a Partir de la Combinación de Residuos Orgánicos

Marco Vinicio De-la-Cruz Chicaiza

doi:10.70171/qe9dvn74

Autores/as

Marco Vinicio De-la-Cruz Chicaiza Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8935-7951

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70171/qe9dvn74

Palabras clave:

estiércol vacuno, fertilización orgánica, lombricultura, manejo de residuos, vermicompostaje

Resumen

Justificación: la producción de humus de lombriz es una alternativa sostenible para el manejo de desechos y la mejora de suelos agrícolas. Sin embargo, la calidad y composición del humus varían según la naturaleza de los residuos utilizados. Objetivo: evaluar la combinación de diferentes residuos orgánicos con estiércol de ganado vacuno en la producción de humus utilizando Eisenia fetida. Metodología: se empleó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con cinco tratamientos y tres repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistieron en: T1, cáscara de cacao y estiércol (50% cada uno); T2, raquis de plátano y estiércol (50% cada uno); T3, pollinaza y estiércol (50% cada uno); T4, residuo de mercado y estiércol (50% cada uno); y T5, estiércol de ganado vacuno (100%). Se evaluaron los parámetros: peso y longitud de las lombrices, densidad poblacional, cantidad de humus producido y composición química. Resultados: el tipo de sustrato influye principalmente en el peso de Eisenia fetida. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la densidad de lombrices, ni en la cantidad y calidad del humus entre los tratamientos. El estiércol vacuno actuó como base nutritiva estable, proporcionando condiciones óptimas para la actividad de Eisenia fetida. Conclusión: la combinación de residuos orgánicos con estiércol de ganado vacuno permite obtener humus de calidad uniforme, lo que demuestra la flexibilidad de Eisenia fetida para adaptarse a distintos sustratos.

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